COVID-19 has affected the incomes of some health professionals by reducing demand for care and increasing expenditures for treatment preparedness. In a survey of 14 European countries, we found that most countries have incentivised substitutive e-health services to avoid loss of income. Health professionals have also received financial compensation for loss of income either through initiatives specifically designed for the health sector or general selfemployment schemes, and have either been reimbursed for extra COVID-19-related expenditures such as personal protective equipment (PPE) or had these provided in kind. Compensation is generally funded from health budgets, complemented by emergency funding from government revenue.

OpenGov Asia (01.12.2020) The pandemic has fundamentally changed lifestyles and thought processes across the world. There is a paradigm shift in the way people now interact with each other. With social distancing becoming the new norm, citizens are increasingly becoming dependent on technology to communicate and interact among themselves. In order to help public sector utilise digital applications and APIs to enhance service delivery and get digital transformation right, OpenGov Asia hosted an OpenGovLive! Virtual Breakfast Insight with delegates from various public sector organisations in Indonesia.

Gov.pl website (02.12.2020) Insured persons in quarantine or isolation (including at home) are entitled to sickness benefits. In principle, you do not need to submit a declaration to receive the benefit. The IT system of the e-Health Center is a system from which the Social Insurance Institution obtains information about the imposed quarantine or isolation and places it on the Electronic Services Platform (PUE ZUS) . It is seen both by the insured and his employer. In many cases, this information is enough for an isolated sick person or staying in quarantine to receive the remuneration he is entitled to for the time of illness or sickness benefit. However, if there is no information on the PUE ZUS platform, an employee should submit a short statement to his/her employer within 3 days.  

Gov.pl website (26.11.2020) PFR 2.0 Financial Shield for micro-enterprises - up to PLN 3 billion of support

• For companies employing from 1 to 9 employees from 38 industries from the Polish Classification of Activities
• Turnover or balance sheet total for 2019 up to EUR 2 million
• Financial subsidies - 18 thousand. PLN or 36 thousand. PLN per employee
• Subsidies up to a maximum amount of PLN 324 thousand PLN
• The amount of the subsidy depends on the number of employees and the decrease in turnover
• For companies that recorded a turnover decrease in 2020 by at least 30% due to COVID-19
• Non-returnable funds, provided that the business is maintained and employment is maintained for 12 months
• Application deadline: January - February 2021 (after the approval of the European Commission)

Gov.pl website (09.11.2020) A parent can apply for care allowance if they are looking after people in quarantine or solitary confinement at home:

• a child under 14,
• a child with a severe disability certificate or a disability certificate including the following indications: the need for permanent or long-term care or assistance of another person due to the significantly limited possibility of independent existence and the need for constant daily participation of the child's guardian in the process of its treatment, rehabilitation and education until the age of 18,
• another family member.

From October 24, 2020, the basis for the payment of the care allowance is the insured's declaration of the need to care for a child or family member in quarantine or isolation at home.

US Social Security Administration (November 30th) On September 28, India's president approved a law (the Code on Social Security, 2020) that consolidates and amends nine existing social security laws. Among the law's changes are an extension of benefit eligibility to fixed-term workers under the employer-liability gratuity scheme, a broadening of the definition of wages for contribution calculation purposes, and new protections for informal-sector workers. (Over 80 percent of India's labor force is estimated to be employed in the informal sector and thus, currently excluded from most social security coverage.) Many details of the law, including the implementation date, have yet to be finalized (though it is expected to be implemented by April 2021). According to the government, the main goal of the law is to extend social security coverage to all workers in the country. It is also part of a larger effort to simplify the country's labor laws, which included the government approving three other laws on wages; industrial relations; and occupational safety, health, and working conditions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has put a lot of pressure on health care services and elderly care. Staff have had an extremely heavy and often stressful workload and have worked very hard. The risk of mental ill health may have increased. This is why the Government proposes funds to support staff in regional and municipal health care and elderly care in its autumn amending budget for 2020. This will make money available for crisis support, counselling and trauma support. The proposal is based on an agreement between the government parties, the Centre Party and the Liberal Party.

blogs.worldbank.org (28.10.2020) Covariate shocks including disasters, economic crises, and pandemics threaten to reverse decades of gains achieved in poverty reduction and shared prosperity in the region. These shocks tend to disproportionately affect the poor and push near poor households into poverty.

worldbank (2020) The Sourcebook synthesizes real-world experiences and lessons learned of social protection delivery systems from around the world, with a particular focus on social and labor benefits and services. It takes a practical approach, seeking to address concrete “how-to” questions, including: How do countries deliver social protection benefits and services? How do they do so effectively and efficiently? How do they ensure dynamic inclusion, especially for the most vulnerable and needy? How do they promote better coordination and integration—not only among social protection programs but also programs in other parts of government? How can they meet the needs of their intended populations and provide a better client experience?