ilo.org (11.11.2025) A new ILO report, From Reform to Reality: Understanding Perceptions of Iraq’s New Social Security Law, presents evidence from a rapid survey of 121 formal enterprises and 300 workers in Baghdad and Basra. The findings show strong support for the objectives of the 2023 social security reform, but also reveal persistent gaps in awareness, enrolment and access to benefits. While most employers report registering their workers, many workers are unaware of their coverage, and only a small share have attempted to claim benefits. Both employers and workers point to administrative complexity, limited information, and low digital readiness as key barriers. The study underscores the need for simpler procedures, stronger enforcement, improved communication, and digital service expansion to ensure that Iraq’s private sector workforce can fully benefit from the law’s protections.