A voluntary insurance scheme for independent workers and workers from the informal sector was established in 2014, in line with regulations. In an effort to make this scheme known to all concerned sectors of the population and to facilitate the enrolment of the greatest possible number, the National Social Insurance Fund (Caisse nationale de prévoyance sociale – CNPS) developed a system involving the accreditation of social secretariats.

Employers are required to register as enterprises and to register their staff, then pay the corresponding social security contributions. When the employer does not do this, the employees may do it themselves. What has been found in practice is that many employers either do not register themselves or their staff, as a result of which the latter cannot access the social security benefits provided by the National Social Insurance Fund (Caisse nationale de prévoyance sociale – CNPS).

The Collective Scheme for Retirement Allowances (Régime collectif d’allocation de retraite – RCAR) has introduced a fully computerized and versatile multi-scheme, multiproduct organizational and technological management platform, consisting of a multi-channel Customer Relations Centre (agencies, a call centre, web/mobile, social networks), a multiproduct Payment Centre, and a computerized Back Office that is integrated with RCAR’s partners.

The rationale of a retirement benefits scheme is to alleviate old age poverty and a contributing factor to poverty is the loss of the principle bread winner. Despite paying survivors benefits, statistics indicate that up to 80 per cent of the said families have to downgrade their living standards and are susceptible to poverty. To address this challenge, the Laptrust scheme introduced additional insurance-based benefits; Group life cover (3 times annual pensionable salary) and last expense (USD 1,000) to complement existing survivor's benefits drawn from the scheme.

The National Social Insurance Fund (Caisse nationale de prévoyance sociale – CNaPS) of Madagascar has created a think tank devoted to social security. This innovative initiative aims at remedying the inadequacy of academic research on the subject and its inability to influence public policy. The goal is to provide high-quality services to a large number of beneficiaries.

The National Social Insurance Fund (Caisse nationale de prévoyance sociale – CNaPS) is continuing its efforts to extend social security coverage in Madagascar. An initiative to expand awareness raising activities has become a laudable strategy in terms of its achievements. In 2014 it launched a programme for Catholic school leaders that promotes and raises awareness on the provisions of social security and of their responsibilities regarding such rights.

The National Social Security and insurance Trust (NASSIT) was established through Parliamentary Act No. 5 of 2001 and charged with the responsibility of administering the Sierra Leone Pension Scheme. The scheme started operations in January 2002 as a mandatory contributory defined benefit Pension Plan. As at December 2010, NASSIT had 161,000 active Members (Contributors) and operates a payroll of over 12,000 Pensioners. By end of December 2014, membership of the Scheme grew to 165,000 and the number of Pensioners grew to 14,500.

The issue or challenge addressed by our practice: Proclamation No. 715/2003 excluded a majority of private organization employees (definite period employees and management staff) from pension scheme coverage.

It has been recognized that a major challenge in developing countries is how to ensure that the poor are included in health financing arrangements and they can access benefit from health insurance coverage as the non-poor.